According to information published by the Philippine News Agency on March 12, 2024, the Philippine Navy has initiated training for its personnel on the operation of two corvettes being constructed in South Korea. These naval vessels are part of the country's efforts to modernize its fleet and are expected to be delivered in the next two to three years.
According to information published by the Philippine News Agency on March 12, 2024, the Philippine Navy has initiated training for its personnel on the operation of two corvettes being constructed in South Korea. These naval vessels are part of the country's efforts to modernize its fleet and are expected to be delivered in the next two to three years.
Follow Navy Recognition on Google News at this link
A model of the HDC-3100 corvette. (Picture source: rhk111)
These particular vessels, being built at the HD Hyundai Heavy Industries shipyard in Ulsan, South Korea, are equipped for anti-air, anti-surface, and anti-submarine warfare.
The crew members designated for these ships will undergo training in South Korea with the manufacturers to ensure they are fully prepared to operate the new assets. The first of these corvettes is scheduled for delivery in 2025, with the second following in 2026. The contract for these ships, valued at PHP28 billion, was signed in December 2021 as part of the navy's modernization initiative.
About the HDC-3100 future corvette
The vessel has a displacement of 3,200 tons and a length of 118.4 meters. Its beam stretches to 14.9 meters, and it has a draft of 3.7 meters, coupled with a depth of 7.2 meters, ensuring stability and seaworthiness.
Powered by four MTU-STX diesel generators, its propulsion system features a combined diesel and diesel (CODAD) arrangement, comprising four MTU-STX diesel engines. This enables the ship to reach speeds of 25 knots at 85% MCR, with a range of 4,500 nautical miles at 15 knots and an endurance of 20 days.
The ship is equipped to carry two RHIBs for boats and landing craft, though its complement remains to be confirmed. Its advanced sensors and processing systems include the Hanwha Systems Naval Shield Baseline 4 Integrated Combat Management System, EL/M-2258 ALPHA S-band 3D AESA multifunction radar, and various other systems for identification, navigation, fire control, and electronic warfare. The inclusion of both medium-to-low frequency active/passive hull-mounted sonar and a towed array sonar system enhances its underwater detection capabilities.
In terms of electronic warfare and decoys, it utilizes RESM and CESM for electronic support measures, along with a countermeasures dispensing system that includes mortar-type decoy launchers. The vessel also features structural countermeasures designed to minimize its radar cross-section, infrared signature, underwater radiated noise, and magnetic signature.
Armament on the ship is comprehensive, featuring a 76mm Oto Melara Super Rapid gun, a 35mm close-in weapon system, anti-ship cruise missiles, SEA torpedo launchers, a 16-cell forward vertical launching system, and heavy machine guns.
This is supplemented by aviation facilities, including a flight deck and hangar capable of accommodating a 10-12 tonne naval helicopter, ensuring its operational versatility in various maritime scenarios.
According to information published by the Philippine News Agency on March 12, 2024, the Philippine Navy has initiated training for its personnel on the operation of two corvettes being constructed in South Korea. These naval vessels are part of the country's efforts to modernize its fleet and are expected to be delivered in the next two to three years.
]]>According to information published by AirTimes on March 15, 2024, the puzzle surrounding Malaysia's acquisition of its second batch of Littoral Mission Ships (LMS) for the Royal Malaysian Navy (RMN) appears to be resolving.
According to information published by AirTimes on March 15, 2024, the puzzle surrounding Malaysia's acquisition of its second batch of Littoral Mission Ships (LMS) for the Royal Malaysian Navy (RMN) appears to be resolving.
Follow Navy Recognition on Google News at this link
Turkish Ada-class corvette TCG Büyükada. (Picture source: Navy Recognition)
Statements made by the Defense Minister, Datuk Seri Khaled Nordin, in the Dewan Rakyat (the lower house of Malaysia's parliament) have shed light on the progress of this acquisition.
Minister Khaled Nordin announced that the procurement process for the second batch of LMS (LMSB2) is being conducted through a government-to-government approach with Turkey. The negotiation is directly with a Turkish government-related company, Savunma Teknolojileri Mühendislik (STM).
This move was greenlit by the Ministry of Finance on January 18, 2024, following which the Defense Ministry issued a letter of intent to the company on February 5, 2024. STM responded on February 8, 2024, agreeing to negotiate with the Defense Ministry on behalf of the government. Currently, detailed negotiations regarding the specifications of the ships and subsequently the pricing are underway.
Previously, the government had approved the acquisition of three LMS for the RMN to fulfill its combat needs. The LMSB2 is reported to differ from its predecessors by being equipped with air defense and surface-to-surface missiles.
While the deal has not been finalized, negotiations seem to favor the ADA class (MILGEM) ships offered by STM. However, according to Admiral Tan Sri Abdul Rahman, the Chief of the Royal Malaysian Navy, the procurement paperwork for the LMSB2 is expected to be completed by mid-year.
According to information published by AirTimes on March 15, 2024, the puzzle surrounding Malaysia's acquisition of its second batch of Littoral Mission Ships (LMS) for the Royal Malaysian Navy (RMN) appears to be resolving.
]]>According to information published by China Times on March 19, 2024, amid escalating tensions in the Taiwan Strait, the Chinese Coast Guard has conducted a series of combat drills across multiple maritime areas, with the People's Liberation Army (PLA) Eastern Theater Command's naval and air forces recently joining the exercises.
According to information published by China Times on March 19, 2024, amid escalating tensions in the Taiwan Strait, the Chinese Coast Guard has conducted a series of combat drills across multiple maritime areas, with the People's Liberation Army (PLA) Eastern Theater Command's naval and air forces recently joining the exercises.
Follow Navy Recognition on Google News at this link
Chinese Coast Guard vessel 11506 and PLA Navy's Type 056A corvette. (Picture source: Weibo)
The Navy stated in a press release that the Eastern Theater Command's naval escort fleet, in conjunction with the air force and coast guard, has recently conducted cross-domain, multi-disciplinary, and day-and-night live combat training.
The Navy's Type 056A corvettes, the Ezhou and Yiwu ships, a coast guard vessel numbered 11506, and a PLA air force fighter jet participated in this training. During the exercises, the naval warships simulated air defense using their main guns and close-in weapon systems to defend against incoming missiles. Following this, the Ezhou ship intercepted enemy aircraft, while the Yiwu ship undertook mine-sweeping duties.
Furthermore, the Chinese navy mentioned that the escort ships later conducted joint exercises with the coast guard, simulating emergency situations such as violent resistance to law enforcement. Since February 14, the Chinese Coast Guard has intensified its law enforcement patrols in the waters near Kinmen.
Context
The Chinese Coast Guard (CCG) role has evolved significantly, blurring the lines between maritime law enforcement and military operations, particularly in the context of China's territorial assertions in contested maritime regions.
A notable legislative development that highlights the intertwined roles of the CCG and PLAN is the enactment of the new CCG Law. This law authorizes the CCG to enforce China's maritime claims in ways that extend beyond the boundaries recognized by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS).
Specifically, it positions the CCG as an organization tasked with both national defense and maritime law enforcement, effectively militarizing its role. This legislative change has raised international concerns, as it suggests a more aggressive posture towards foreign military and non-commercial vessels in disputed waters.
According to information published by China Times on March 19, 2024, amid escalating tensions in the Taiwan Strait, the Chinese Coast Guard has conducted a series of combat drills across multiple maritime areas, with the People's Liberation Army (PLA) Eastern Theater Command's naval and air forces recently joining the exercises.
]]>According to the South Korean official media KTV on March 15, 2024, the South Korean Defense Acquisition Program Administration (DAPA) awarded a contract valued at 330.6 billion won (approximately $247.796 million) to LIG Nex1 for the development of a new long-range anti-aircraft defense system, named the Fleet Shared Ballistic Missile-II. This system is intended to potentially replace the American SM series missiles on the future KDDX next-generation destroyers.
According to the South Korean official media KTV on March 15, 2024, the South Korean Defense Acquisition Program Administration (DAPA) awarded a contract valued at 330.6 billion won (approximately $247.796 million) to LIG Nex1 for the development of a new long-range anti-aircraft defense system, named the Fleet Shared Ballistic Missile-II. This system is intended to potentially replace the American SM series missiles on the future KDDX next-generation destroyers.
Follow Navy Recognition on Google News at this link
According to sources, the Ship-to-Air Missile-II could replace the American SM series missiles currently utilized by South Korea. (Picture source: DAPA)
The 'Fleet Shared Ballistic Missile-II System Development Project', also known as the Ship-to-Air Missile-II, aims to enhance the defensive capabilities of the KDDX destroyers against aerial threats, including aircraft and cruise missiles, potentially from North Korea. The project targets a localization rate of over 90% for the missile system, incorporating technologies to improve precision guidance and navigation.
According to sources, the Ship-to-Air Missile-II could replace the American SM series missiles currently utilized by South Korea. It is designed to be larger than the SM-2MR Block IIIA and employs an initial booster derived from the TSLM land attack missile, which itself is a modification of the C-Star anti-ship missile. Features of the missile include a range exceeding 180 kilometers, supported by booster and dual-pulse propulsion systems, and guidance independent of external illuminators. The system aims to integrate South Korea's advanced missile guidance systems and seeker technologies, including a 1kW GaNSSPA seeker.
Furthermore, the Ship-to-Air Missile-II is visually similar to the existing L-SAM (AAM), with modifications that include the addition of an initial booster and enhanced guidance units and seekers. In parallel, South Korea is reportedly developing the 'Ship-to-Air-II (ABM)' missile program, aimed at creating a maritime version of the land-based THAAD system, referred to as M-SAM-III, which is currently under development.
The Republic of Korea Navy (ROK Navy) is planning to introduce a new class of warships, the Korean Next-Generation Destroyer (KDDX), developed by Hyundai Heavy Industries and Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering. These stealth guided-missile destroyers, slated for introduction post-2025, are intended to update and augment the current South Korean fleet. Specifications for the KDDX ships include an estimated displacement of 8,000 tons, a length of 155 meters, a breadth of 18.8 meters, and a draft of 9.5 meters.
Originating from discussions in 2009, the KDDX-class destroyers are designed to enhance the South Korean Navy's capabilities with improved stealth features, advanced sensors, and missile defense systems. They aim to bridge the gap in capacity between the existing Chungmugong Yi Sun-sin-class destroyers (KDX-II) and Sejong the Great-class destroyers (KDX-III), while also aiming for lower operational costs than the Sejong the Great-class.
Throughout its development, the KDDX project has seen several shifts, notably a temporary diversion of resources to the procurement of three additional KDX-III Batch II destroyers in 2013, leading to a delay in the KDDX project. It was later revisited and received approval from the 118th Defense Program Promotion Committee in 2018.
The anticipated financial investment for the development and construction of the six KDDX vessels is significant, with total costs expected to exceed 7.8 trillion won (approximately $6.2 billion), encompassing both development and production expenses.
The design of the KDDX-class incorporates advanced technologies such as an integrated mast system, demonstrated by Hanwha Systems in 2017, which consolidates electronic warfare, enemy identification, and communication systems. Moreover, the ships are slated to be outfitted with the L-SAM multi-purpose phased array radar and the Korean Vertical Launching System (KVLS), enabling the launch of various missile types, including Hyunmoo-3C cruise missiles, SM-2 surface-to-air missiles, and SSM-700K anti-ship missiles.
Although there are comparisons between the KDDX-class destroyers and the European FREMM-class frigates regarding size, radar systems, and armament, the KDDX-class has been distinctly designed to meet the specific needs of the Republic of Korea Navy, featuring double the number of VLS and a larger full-load displacement of 8,000 tons.
According to the South Korean official media KTV on March 15, 2024, the South Korean Defense Acquisition Program Administration (DAPA) awarded a contract valued at 330.6 billion won (approximately $247.796 million) to LIG Nex1 for the development of a new long-range anti-aircraft defense system, named the Fleet Shared Ballistic Missile-II. This system is intended to potentially replace the American SM series missiles on the future KDDX next-generation destroyers.
]]>The contract for the construction of new Dutch submarines has been provisionally awarded to the French company Naval Group. This announcement follows a meticulous tender process, with State Secretary Christophe van der Maat (Defense) revealing the decision on March 15, 2024, at the Den Helder naval base.
The contract for the construction of new Dutch submarines has been provisionally awarded to the French company Naval Group. This announcement follows a meticulous tender process, with State Secretary Christophe van der Maat (Defense) revealing the decision on March 15, 2024, at the Den Helder naval base.
Follow Navy Recognition on Google News at this link
Artist's impression of the new Dutch submarine. (Picture source: Dutch MoD)
Equipped with the latest systems and technologies, the new submarines are set to be worthy successors to the existing Walrus-class submarines. The event, which was attended by the youngest sailor and the youngest officer of the submarine service, also included the unveiling of the names of the new vessels: His Majesty's Orca, Swordfish, Barracuda, and Tiger Shark.
Naval Group's proposal was highlighted for its balanced, versatile, and realistic approach, ensuring the continuation of the Walrus class's legacy. Importantly, the decision supports the Dutch industry, fulfilling a critical condition of the tender process. The construction and maintenance of these submarines not only promise to strengthen the interests of the navy and national security but also benefit Dutch companies and improve the country's technological and industrial base.
These four new submarines represent an enhancement in capabilities, featuring advanced designs and a broad range of improvements. Notably, their ability to launch cruise missiles significantly increases their firepower. Equipped with the latest sensors and communication systems, these vessels excel in intelligence gathering, analysis, and dissemination.
The introduction of modern battery technology extends the underwater endurance of the submarines, allowing for longer missions without having to surface to recharge batteries—a process known as "snorkeling." This makes the submarines quieter and less likely to be detected by the enemy.
Like their Walrus-class predecessors, the new submarines are deployable worldwide, versatile in mission types, and capable of operating in shallow waters thanks to their relatively compact size. Their design for extended, autonomous operations far from the home base is a rare and highly valued feature within NATO.
The preliminary award follows months of detailed tender evaluations by Defense, with the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Climate (EZK) assessing proposals for an industrial cooperation agreement aimed at strengthening the Dutch Technological and Industrial Base. A memorandum of understanding between the Dutch government and France is also being prepared, covering usage rights, information security, and knowledge exchange.
Naval Group is expected to deliver the first two new submarines within ten years of signing the contract, while measures are in place to ensure the safe operation of the current Walrus-class submarines until the mid-2030s. This transitional strategy includes the gradual decommissioning of two vessels to maintain a reserve of spare parts for the remaining fleet, which will require increasing maintenance as they age.
The contract for the construction of new Dutch submarines has been provisionally awarded to the French company Naval Group. This announcement follows a meticulous tender process, with State Secretary Christophe van der Maat (Defense) revealing the decision on March 15, 2024, at the Den Helder naval base.
]]>According to information published by Meyer Turku on March 12, 2024, the construction of the offshore patrol vessel Turva, designated for the Finnish Border Guard, reached a significant stage with the keel laying ceremony in Gdansk.
According to information published by Meyer Turku on March 12, 2024, the construction of the offshore patrol vessel Turva, designated for the Finnish Border Guard, reached a significant stage with the keel laying ceremony in Gdansk.
Follow Navy Recognition on Google News at this link
Artist rendering of the offshore patrol vessel Turva. (Picture source: Meyer Turku)
The offshore patrol vessel Turva is designated for multiple tasks related to Finland's maritime security and environmental protection. Its responsibilities encompass border patrol, maintaining territorial integrity, performing sea rescues, addressing environmental damage, and supporting various other missions.
Beyond its primary duties, Turva contributes to national defense efforts. It functions as a command vessel in special maritime situations, oversees sea transportation, and monitors strategic maritime locations. Its involvement in defense extends to cooperation with the Defence Forces through sharing situational awareness and supporting national defense operations.
Equipped to fulfill its multifaceted roles, Turva possesses advanced sensors, cybersecurity measures, and the capacity for forceful intervention when necessary. It facilitates helicopter operations, supports RPAS activities, and carries versatile boat equipment.
Prepared for large-scale evacuations, the vessel has an oil recovery capacity of 1,180 cubic meters and is equipped to handle chemical spills, ship fires, ice navigation, and emergency towing. Its hybrid propulsion system and double-hulled structure enhance its operational efficiency and safety. The vessel measures 98 meters in length, 17.6 meters in width, and has a draught of 5.1 meters, powered by a 12-megawatt propulsion system.
According to information published by Meyer Turku on March 12, 2024, the construction of the offshore patrol vessel Turva, designated for the Finnish Border Guard, reached a significant stage with the keel laying ceremony in Gdansk.
]]>According to information published by Nikkei Asia on March 2, 2024, the United States is actively engaging in discussions with the United Kingdom and Australia about the possibility of Japan joining the AUKUS security partnership to collaborate on defense technology.
According to information published by Nikkei Asia on March 2, 2024, the United States is actively engaging in discussions with the United Kingdom and Australia about the possibility of Japan joining the AUKUS security partnership to collaborate on defense technology.
Follow Navy Recognition on Google News at this link
Conference between Biden, Albanese and Sunak about the AUKUS in 2023. (Picture source: US DoD)
The focus of the partnership with Japan is anticipated to be on Pillar 2 of AUKUS, which emphasizes the development of advanced warfighting capabilities, including artificial intelligence, undersea drones, and hypersonic technologies, distinct from Pillar 1's objective of aiding Australia in acquiring nuclear-powered submarines.
AUKUS
Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States have unveiled a landmark trilateral security partnership, AUKUS, aimed at bolstering defense capabilities in the Indo-Pacific region.
Announced on September 15, 2021, the initiative marks a significant pivot towards military collaboration, including the development of nuclear-powered submarines for Australia.
This partnership extends beyond conventional military cooperation, embracing cutting-edge advancements in cyber technology, artificial intelligence, quantum computing, undersea capabilities, and hypersonic weaponry.
The creation of AUKUS reflects the strategic importance of the Indo-Pacific, emphasizing the need for rapid and focused action in the face of evolving technological and geopolitical landscapes.
U.S. Ambassador to Australia, Caroline Kennedy, highlighted the partnership's role in providing substantial deterrence in the region, amidst concerns over China's growing assertiveness as a global power. Conversely, China criticized the alliance, claiming it could destabilize regional peace and accusing it of harboring a Cold War mentality.
The partnership also led to the abrupt cancellation of a significant submarine deal between France and Australia, causing a diplomatic rift. France responded by recalling its ambassadors from Australia and the U.S., denouncing the move as a betrayal. However, the relationship has seen attempts at mending, with the new Australian government agreeing to a substantial settlement with the French Naval Group and expressing intentions to rejuvenate bilateral ties with France.
AUKUS aims to foster joint military capabilities and interoperability among the three nations, focusing initially on enhancing cyber capabilities and exploring quantum technologies among other areas.
Additionally, the partnership has embarked on initiatives such as the development of hypersonic missiles and the establishment of the Deep Space Advanced Radar Capability (DARC) program.
According to information published by Nikkei Asia on March 2, 2024, the United States is actively engaging in discussions with the United Kingdom and Australia about the possibility of Japan joining the AUKUS security partnership to collaborate on defense technology.
]]>According to information published by the Indian MoD on March 13, 2024, the Navy saw the addition of two new vessels to its fleet with the launch of 'Agray' and 'Akshay', the 5th and 6th ships under the 08 x ASW Shallow Water Craft (SWC) Project, at Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers (GRSE), Kolkata.
According to information published by the Indian MoD on March 13, 2024, the Navy saw the addition of two new vessels to its fleet with the launch of 'Agray' and 'Akshay', the 5th and 6th ships under the 08 x ASW Shallow Water Craft (SWC) Project, at Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers (GRSE), Kolkata.
Follow Navy Recognition on Google News at this link
Anti-Submarine Warfare Shallow Water Craft. (Picture source: Indian Navy)
The contract for the eight ASW SWC ships was signed with GRSE on April 29, 2019, indicating a move to replace the older Abhay-class ASW Corvettes. These Arnala-class ships are designed for anti-submarine warfare, low intensity maritime operations, and mine-laying activities.
Over the past year, three indigenously built warships/submarines were delivered to the Indian Navy, and nine warships were launched, including 'Agray' and 'Akshay'. The project aligns with the broader objective of enhancing indigenous defense production capabilities, with these ships containing over 80% indigenous content.
The initiative aims to support domestic defense manufacturing and employment while improving national defense capabilities. The first ship from this project is expected to be delivered in the first half of 2024.
Technical data
The ASW Shallow Water Craft (SWC) has a displacement of 900 tons. It features a length of 77.6 meters (255 feet), a beam of 10.5 meters (34 feet), and a draught of 2.7 meters (8.9 feet), making it well-suited for operations in shallow waters.
The craft is powered by water-jet propulsion, enabling it to reach speeds of up to 25 knots (46 km/h) and maintain a range of 1,800 nautical miles (3,300 km) at an operational speed of 14 knots (26 km/h). It can accommodate a complement of 57 personnel, including 7 officers and 50 sailors.
The SWC is equipped with a comprehensive suite of sensors and processing systems for advanced anti-submarine warfare (ASW) operations. Its combat suite presumably includes the DRDO-developed IAC MOD 'C' combat suite, enhanced by a hull-mounted sonar (HMS) and a low-frequency variable depth sonar (LFVDS) for detecting underwater threats.
The craft's management systems are robust, featuring a fire control system (FCS), an integrated platform management system (IPMS), an automatic power management system (APMS), and a battle damage control system (BDCS).
For armaments, the SWC boasts an array of weapons designed for ASW, including a RBU-6000 anti-submarine rocket launcher and six lightweight ASW torpedoes, presumably the Advanced Light Weight Torpedo (ALWT).
It is also equipped to launch anti-submarine mines from mine-laying rails. The craft's firepower is complemented by a CRN-91 30mm naval gun and two OFT 12.7 mm M2 stabilized remote-controlled guns.
According to information published by the Indian MoD on March 13, 2024, the Navy saw the addition of two new vessels to its fleet with the launch of 'Agray' and 'Akshay', the 5th and 6th ships under the 08 x ASW Shallow Water Craft (SWC) Project, at Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers (GRSE), Kolkata.
]]>According to information published by HHI on March 13, 2024, the firm has been awarded a contract to construct a REMUS 620 unmanned underwater vehicle (UUV) for an unnamed international client based in the Indo-Pacific region.
According to information published by HHI on March 13, 2024, the firm has been awarded a contract to construct a REMUS 620 unmanned underwater vehicle (UUV) for an unnamed international client based in the Indo-Pacific region.
Follow Navy Recognition on Google News at this link
Artist rendering of the REMUS 620 Unmanned Underwater Vehicle. (Picture source: HII)
The order, to be fulfilled by HII's Mission Technologies division in 2024, is aimed at enhancing capabilities for monitoring and data collection missions underwater.
The REMUS 620, introduced in 2022, is a medium-class UUV noted for its significant endurance and range capabilities. It can operate for up to 110 hours and cover distances of 275 nautical miles, making it suitable for a variety of operations including mine countermeasures, hydrographic surveys, intelligence, surveillance, and electronic warfare. In 2023, the REMUS 620 completed two major development milestones, including an in-water test in October and its first sea test in December.
This contract represents the second order for the REMUS 620 model. Previously, in August 2023, the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) had placed an order for two REMUS 620 UUVs for use in mapping the Gulf of Mexico with higher resolution, as part of efforts to restore seafloor habitats damaged by the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill. NOAA has also employed other models from the REMUS line in various oceanographic tasks.
REMUS 620
This UUV features a maximum battery life of up to 110 hours and a range that can extend up to 275 nautical miles (approximately 509 kilometers), although these figures can vary based on the modules it carries.
When equipped with synthetic-aperture sonar, its operational parameters adjust to a battery life of 78 hours and a range of 200 nautical miles (about 370 kilometers), with a maximum speed reaching 8 knots (15 kilometers per hour).
The REMUS 620 is engineered to support a diverse set of missions, including mine countermeasures, hydrographic surveys, intelligence collection, surveillance, and roles in cyber and electronic warfare.
According to information published by HHI on March 13, 2024, the firm has been awarded a contract to construct a REMUS 620 unmanned underwater vehicle (UUV) for an unnamed international client based in the Indo-Pacific region.
]]>According to information published by Tass on March 13, 2024, the crews of the Project 20380 corvettes "Soobrazitelny", "Boykiy", "Stoikiy", and the patrol ship "Neustrashimy", in collaboration with the Ka-27 anti-submarine helicopters of the fleet's naval aviation, executed a comprehensive drill in the Baltic Sea waters aimed at locating, tracking, and "destroying" a hypothetical enemy submarine.
According to information published by Tass on March 13, 2024, the crews of the corvettes "Soobrazitelny", "Boykiy", "Stoikiy", and the patrol ship "Neustrashimy", in collaboration with the Ka-27 anti-submarine helicopters of the fleet's naval aviation, executed a comprehensive drill in the Baltic Sea waters aimed at locating, tracking, and "destroying" a hypothetical enemy submarine.
Follow Navy Recognition on Google News at this link
Russian Kilo class submarine and Kamov Ka-27 helicopter. (Picture source: myskillsconnect)
The exercise scenario depicted an enemy submarine, assigned with the mission to eliminate the fleet's grouping of ships, lurking in the vicinity of one of the Baltic Fleet's naval groups. This hypothetical adversary was played by a "Varshavyanka" class diesel-electric submarine.
To counter this threat, the fleet dispatched its ships and anti-submarine helicopters to the designated maritime sector. Utilizing advanced hydroacoustic detection technologies, the helicopter crews identified the target and relayed the submarine's coordinates to the corvettes of the Baltic Fleet. The "enemy" submarine was subsequently neutralized with torpedo weapons by the ships, marking a successful conclusion to the operation.
The "Boykiy", "Stoikiy", and "Soobrazitelny" are Project 20380 corvettes, multifunctional vessels designed by the Central Marine Design Bureau "Almaz" in Saint Petersburg. These ships are equipped to handle escort and strike missions in coastal zones, conduct patrol and surveillance duties, and are armed with versatile artillery systems, anti-aircraft missile and artillery complexes, supersonic missiles, automatic artillery mounts, among other weapons. They also can host the Ka-27 anti-submarine helicopter.
The "Neustrashimy" serves as the lead ship of Project 11540 "Yastreb", constructed at the Yantar Baltic Shipyard in Kaliningrad in 1990 and has been an integral part of the Baltic Fleet since 1991.
It is tailored for anti-submarine warfare, ensuring the defensive and offensive capabilities against enemy ships and submarines at sea, providing support for amphibious forces, and fulfilling various other maritime security roles.
According to information published by Tass on March 13, 2024, the crews of the Project 20380 corvettes "Soobrazitelny", "Boykiy", "Stoikiy", and the patrol ship "Neustrashimy", in collaboration with the Ka-27 anti-submarine helicopters of the fleet's naval aviation, executed a comprehensive drill in the Baltic Sea waters aimed at locating, tracking, and "destroying" a hypothetical enemy submarine.
]]>According to information published by Austal on March 7, 2024, the firm has delivered the 19th Guardian-class Patrol Boat, named RFNS Puamau, to the Australian Department of Defence, which was subsequently transferred to the Republic of Fiji Navy.
According to information published by Austal on March 7, 2024, the firm has delivered the 19th Guardian-class Patrol Boat, named RFNS Puamau, to the Australian Department of Defence, which was subsequently transferred to the Republic of Fiji Navy.
Follow Navy Recognition on Google News at this link
Guardian class patrol boat RFNS Puamau. (Picture source: Fiji Navy)
The handover ceremony took place at HMAS Stirling in Western Australia, with Fiji's Prime Minister, Sitiveni Rabuka, and Australia’s Minister for Defence Industry, Pat Conroy, in attendance.
This delivery is part of the Pacific Patrol Boat Replacement Project aimed at supporting maritime security in the Pacific region. RFNS Puamau is the second vessel delivered to Fiji under this program, following its sister ship, the Savenaca.
The delivery of RFNS Puamau to Fiji is expected to bolster the nation's naval operations and cooperation with Australia and other Pacific Island countries as part of Australia's Pacific Maritime Security Program.
The Guardian-class vessels are designed for improved performance over previous models, with features that support a range of maritime tasks.
RFNS Puamau is the first of four Guardian-class boats scheduled for delivery in 2024, with a total of 22 vessels planned for the project, serving various Pacific nations. The initiative aims to enhance maritime security and operational capacity across the Pacific region.
Fiji Navy
The Fijian Navy was established in response to Fiji's ratification of the United Nations Convention on Laws of the Sea, which expanded the nation's Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) from 50,000 square miles to over 1,000,000 square miles.
This expansion necessitated enhanced maritime capabilities to police the newfound vastness of Fiji's waters, leading to the acquisition of patrol vessels designed to maintain sovereignty and security within this extended maritime domain.
Australia contributed three Pacific Forum patrol vessels to Fiji, enabling it to perform essential functions such as surveillance, law enforcement, and search and rescue operations within its EEZ. These vessels marked the beginning of Fiji's efforts to enforce its maritime laws and protect its marine resources.
The leadership of the Fijian Navy is currently under Captain Humphrey Tawake, who oversees the operations and strategic direction of the navy. The fleet has grown to include a variety of vessels equipped for different maritime tasks.
Among these are Pacific Forum patrol vessels, which have been crucial in patrol missions since the mid-1990s. Additionally, Fiji has received oceanic and hydrographic survey vessels from South Korea and China, respectively, which enhance its capabilities in maritime surveying and research.
According to information published by Austal on March 7, 2024, the firm has delivered the 19th Guardian-class Patrol Boat, named RFNS Puamau, to the Australian Department of Defence, which was subsequently transferred to the Republic of Fiji Navy.
]]>The United States Department of Defense announced on March 11, 2024, an initial investment of approximately $1 billion to develop a fleet of small unmanned craft as part of the Replicator Initiative. Deputy Defense Secretary Kathleen Hicks revealed that the first, Replicator 1, addresses how to slow down or defeat an amphibious invasion of Taiwan with mass lethal surface drones and loitering munitions. The funding will be split across two budgeting periods.
The United States Department of Defense announced on March 11, 2024, an initial investment of approximately $1 billion to develop a fleet of small unmanned craft as part of the Replicator Initiative. Deputy Defense Secretary Kathleen Hicks revealed that the first, Replicator 1, addresses how to slow down or defeat an amphibious invasion of Taiwan with mass lethal surface drones and loitering munitions. The funding will be split across two budgeting periods.
Follow Navy Recognition on Google News at this link
Cooperative, autonomous swarm drone concept using American company Saronic USVs (Picture source: Saronic)
Firstly, $500 million will be requested through reprogramming or added as a late amendment to the finalized Fiscal Year 2024 appropriations bill. Another equal amount is allocated in the Fiscal Year 2025 budget, though specific details were not immediately disclosed, according to Pentagon Comptroller Michael McCord.
This initiative marks a broader shift by the Pentagon towards affordable, swarming drones capable of quickly delivering results and serving as a test bed for autonomy, moving away from more complex legacy drone programs. Hicks emphasized the trailblazing role of this project in reducing bureaucratic hurdles and speeding up the deployment of unmanned systems.
In January, the Defense Innovation Unit (DIU) selected the first batch of vehicles for the Replicator project, in collaboration with Hicks and the Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, Admiral Chris Grady. Though not publicly announced, this selection is part of a deliberate conceal-and-reveal strategy, according to Captain Alex Campbell, DIU’s maritime director.
Additionally, DIU is developing software that will enable unmanned surface and aerial vehicles to swarm, autonomously detect threats, and then leave the final decision to strike a target to a human.
U.S. Pacific Fleet Commander Admiral Sam Paparo announced the establishment of a new squadron for small unmanned vessels in May, signaling a shift towards an operational capability directly managed by the military.
These developments coincide with the Pacific Fleet's experimentation with the "hellscape" concept, aligned with the goals of Replicator 1 to counter a Chinese invasion of Taiwan. The upcoming Integrated Battle Problem 24.1 in May will test some of the underlying concepts of small swarming unmanned surface vessels.
The ultimate aim is to shift the most dangerous and destructive functions of a complex operation, like repelling an invasion of Taiwan, from manned ships and submarines to unmanned and lethal machines. Paparo highlighted the effectiveness of this approach during his keynote speech at the West 2024 conference, advocating for the use of unmanned undersea, surface, and aerial capabilities to execute sea denial operations.
The United States Department of Defense announced on March 11, 2024, an initial investment of approximately $1 billion to develop a fleet of small unmanned craft as part of the Replicator Initiative. Deputy Defense Secretary Kathleen Hicks revealed that the first, Replicator 1, addresses how to slow down or defeat an amphibious invasion of Taiwan with mass lethal surface drones and loitering munitions. The funding will be split across two budgeting periods.
]]>According to information published by STM on March 12, 2024, the Turkish Navy's frigate TCG ISTANBUL successfully carried out its first missile launch using the MİDLAS Vertical Launch System (VLS).
According to information published by STM on March 12, 2024, the Turkish Navy's frigate TCG ISTANBUL successfully carried out its first missile launch using the MİDLAS Vertical Launch System (VLS).
Follow Navy Recognition on Google News at this link
Turkish frigate TCG Istanbul firing HISAR D missile. (Picture source: STM)
This event represented the first instance of a national air defense missile, the HİSAR-D RF, being launched from a naval platform in Türkiye. The test was part of the MİLGEM project, which aims to supply the Turkish Naval Forces Command with the 5th, 6th, 7th, and 8th ships equipped with the MİDLAS VLS. The project is spearheaded by Roketsan as the main contractor, in collaboration with the Presidency of Defence Industry Agency (SSB) of the Republic of Türkiye.
The successful launch also demonstrated the integration of Türkiye's national combat management system, ADVENT, alongside other shipboard radar/sensor and firing control systems.
The TCG ISTANBUL (F-515) is the first ship in the MİLGEM İ-Class frigate project, itself an extension of the earlier ADA-class corvette project. The frigate is designed for multiple naval warfare roles, including anti-submarine and surface warfare, air defense, and reconnaissance missions. It is equipped with advanced national defense technologies such as the ATMACA Anti-Ship Missile and the Gökdeniz Close-In Air Weapon System.
Following the TCG ISTANBUL, the project includes the construction of the 6th, 7th, and 8th MİLGEM I Class Platforms, with plans to complete these additional frigates within 36 months for their delivery to the Turkish Navy.
This expansion effort is part of a broader initiative, recently reinforced by a decision to add four more İ-Class Frigates to the MİLGEM project, aiming to increase the total number of ships to eight.
According to information published by STM on March 12, 2024, the Turkish Navy's frigate TCG ISTANBUL successfully carried out its first missile launch using the MİDLAS Vertical Launch System (VLS).
]]>To strengthen defense cooperation between Germany and Norway, the two countries have recently broadened their collaboration beyond the joint production of submarines to include the development of future naval projects, particularly the F127 air defense frigate. This expansion of their partnership underscores the strategic significance of Berlin and Oslo's relationship in the defense sector, especially within NATO.
To strengthen defense cooperation between Germany and Norway, the two countries have recently broadened their collaboration beyond the joint production of submarines to include the development of future naval projects, particularly the F127 air defense frigate. This expansion of their partnership underscores the strategic significance of Berlin and Oslo's relationship in the defense sector, especially within NATO.
Follow Navy Recognition on Google News at this link
Artist overview of the F127 Frigate (Picture source:Thyssenkrupp Marine Systems )
Last September, a contract worth 5.5 billion euros was awarded to ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems (TKMS) for the construction of six U212CD type submarines, divided between the German Navy and the Royal Norwegian Navy. This collaboration extends to crew training and exercise, as well as maintenance and armament, with a jointly developed combat system for the ships.
The cooperation does not end there, as it also encompasses the development of anti-ship missiles within the Super Sonic Strike Missile (3SM) Tyrfing program, led by Kongsberg. Norwegian Defense Minister Bjørn Arild Gram highlighted Germany as Norway's most important partner in Europe for defense equipment.
Boris Pistorius, Gram's German counterpart, expressed interest in further collaboration during a visit to Norway on March 7. He mentioned potential cooperation on the F127 frigate project, aimed at renewing the German Navy's fleet with six new units. Initiated in 2018 by the German Defense Ministry's planning department, the project initially aimed for cooperation with the Netherlands, although this collaboration appears to be facing challenges.
Norway plans to replace its "Fridtjof Nansen" class frigates with six new ships, potentially opening up for collaboration on the F127 program. According to Hartpunkt, the F127 frigates will be equipped with the American AEGIS system and designed to protect against a wide range of aerial threats while also having anti-submarine and anti-surface capabilities.
General Eirik Kristoffersen, chief of staff of the Norwegian Armed Forces, emphasized the importance of enhancing maritime patrol and anti-submarine warfare capabilities, highlighting the strategic interest of future frigates in this area. This focus on anti-submarine capabilities also explains Norway's interest in the Defense and Intervention Frigate (FDI) from France's Naval Group.
Other countries, including the Netherlands, had explored possibilities for cooperation with Germany on the F127 frigate project. The country wished to introduce new ships by 2032 to replace the De Zeven Provinciën class frigates. However, the states ended their collaboration after German Defense Minister Boris Pistorius decided in July 2023 to opt for an Aegis combat system solution for the German Next-Generation Frigate - Air Defense (NGFrig-AD, F127) program.
The proposed solution required the submission of a Foreign Military Sale (FMS) request, which would also apply to selling the frigates to Norway. The F127 project analysis began in 2021 and concluded in February 2023, allowing the program to move to the second phase or to develop options for the defense chief's review. The F127 was initially expected to replace the F124 class starting in 2032, but it now seems likely that this date will be pushed back a few years. Construction is not anticipated to begin before 2026.
The MEKO A400 Air and Missile Defence (AMD) frigate design from ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems was the preferred choice for the hull. With a length of 160 m, a width of 21 m, a depth of 5.5 m, and a displacement of 10,000 tons, the MEKO A400 AMD would be the size of a destroyer. It would be capable of a maximum speed of about 32 knots and have a range of over 4,000 km.
To strengthen defense cooperation between Germany and Norway, the two countries have recently broadened their collaboration beyond the joint production of submarines to include the development of future naval projects, particularly the F127 air defense frigate. This expansion of their partnership underscores the strategic significance of Berlin and Oslo's relationship in the defense sector, especially within NATO.
]]>According to information published by the Indian MoD on March 13, 2024, the Indian Navy formally commissioned its first squadron of MH-60R helicopters. The induction ceremony took place at INS Garuda, located in Kochi, under the Southern Naval Command's auspices.
According to information published by the Indian MoD on March 13, 2024, the Indian Navy formally commissioned its first squadron of MH-60R helicopters. The induction ceremony took place at INS Garuda, located in Kochi, under the Southern Naval Command's auspices.
Follow Navy Recognition on Google News at this link
Indian Navy's MH-60R helicopter. (Picture source: Indian MoD)
The MH-60R is a versatile, ship-based medium-lift helicopter crafted to supersede the roles of both the SH-60B and SH-60F helicopters. It is designed for deployment from a variety of naval vessels including cruisers, destroyers, frigates, littoral combat ships, and aircraft carriers.
This helicopter is equipped with a sophisticated suite of detection and targeting technologies, including dipping sonar, sonobuoy acoustic sensors, a multi-mode radar, electronic warfare sensors, and a forward-looking infrared sensor that comes with a laser designator. It also boasts an advanced mission data processing system for enhanced operational capabilities.
For armament, the MH-60R can be outfitted with MK 46 and MK 54 torpedoes, HELLFIRE air-to-ground missiles, rockets from the 2.75-inch family, and crew-served mounted machine guns, providing a comprehensive array of firepower options. The crew configuration typically includes two pilots and one sensor operator.
Its missions encompass Surface Warfare, Undersea Warfare, Area Surveillance, Combat Identification, and Naval Surface Fire Support, roles previously fulfilled by the SH-60B and SH-60F.
Additionally, the helicopter is capable of performing crucial support missions such as Search and Rescue at sea. When equipped with the necessary weaponry, it can also undertake maritime force protection duties.
According to information published by the Indian MoD on March 13, 2024, the Indian Navy formally commissioned its first squadron of MH-60R helicopters. The induction ceremony took place at INS Garuda, located in Kochi, under the Southern Naval Command's auspices.
]]>According to information published by the CENTCOM on March 11, 2024, two anti-ship ballistic missiles were launched by Houthi forces from areas under their control in Yemen towards the Red Sea.
According to information published by the CENTCOM on March 11, 2024, two anti-ship ballistic missiles were launched by Houthi forces from areas under their control in Yemen towards the Red Sea.
Follow Navy Recognition on Google News at this link
Sailors stand guard at the U.S. Naval Forces Central Command (NAVCENT) Maritime Operations Center in Manama, Bahrain. (Picture source: US DoD)
The target of these missiles was the Pinocchio, a merchant vessel which is owned by Singapore and flies the Liberian flag. Despite the attacks, the missiles did not hit the vessel, and there were no reports of injuries or damage.
Following these missile launches, the United States Central Command conducted a series of defensive operations in the region. These operations included six strikes aimed at neutralizing perceived threats. The strikes led to the destruction of an unmanned underwater vehicle and 18 anti-ship missiles in Houthi-controlled areas of Yemen.
Context
The Red Sea crisis, sparked on October 19, 2023, by the Houthi movement's missile and drone attacks against Israel, quickly escalated to a maritime conflict. The Houthis, supported by Iran, targeted both military and commercial vessels in the Red Sea, especially around the strategic Bab-el-Mandeb strait, a crucial chokepoint for global trade leading directly to the Suez Canal.
This move by the Houthis to declare ships linked to Israel as targets has significantly disrupted one of the world's most vital shipping lanes, highlighting the fragile security situation in key maritime corridors.
This crisis is part of a broader regional conflict that includes the Israel-Hamas war and the Iran-Israel proxy conflict, adding layers of complexity to the situation. The international response, led by the United States and the United Kingdom, has involved military operations aimed at securing the Red Sea routes and countering the Houthi threat.
The disruption has broader implications for international trade, particularly for nations dependent on these routes for the import and export of goods. The increased risk has led to higher shipping costs and longer transit times, as vessels are forced to reroute to avoid the area.
According to information published by the CENTCOM on March 11, 2024, two anti-ship ballistic missiles were launched by Houthi forces from areas under their control in Yemen towards the Red Sea.
]]>According to a PR published by HII on March 12, 2024, the US company unveiled the latest addition to their unmanned underwater vehicle (UUV) lineup, the REMUS 130, at the Oceanology International 2024 conference.
According to a PR published by HII on March 12, 2024, the US company unveiled the latest addition to their unmanned underwater vehicle (UUV) lineup, the REMUS 130, at the Oceanology International 2024 conference.
Follow Navy Recognition on Google News at this link
REMUS Unmanned Underwater Vehicle. (Picture source: HII)
This new model represents the third generation of the REMUS 100 series, known for its robust design and operational efficiency in underwater exploration and data collection.
The REMUS 130 introduces several advancements aimed at enhancing the versatility and performance of underwater missions. Key features include a compact design that allows for two-person portability, straightforward payload integration, and the capacity to operate at depths of up to 100 meters. Additionally, it boasts an extended battery life of up to 10 hours, facilitating prolonged operations with the convenience of easy field battery changes.
Duane Fotheringham, president of the Unmanned Systems business group at Mission Technologies, highlighted the REMUS 130's development, emphasizing its foundation on the proven technology platform shared with the REMUS 300.
The aim is to offer customers a highly capable vehicle that minimizes both cost and risk. This new generation maintains the series' hallmark of modularity and open architecture, allowing for various mission-specific customizations.
The REMUS 130 is designed to serve a broad spectrum of applications, ranging from scientific data collection and offshore exploration to search and rescue operations and mine countermeasures. It features state-of-the-art core electronics, navigation, and communications systems, supporting both wet and dry payloads, including user-developed custom payloads.
According to a PR published by HII on March 12, 2024, the US company unveiled the latest addition to their unmanned underwater vehicle (UUV) lineup, the REMUS 130, at the Oceanology International 2024 conference.
]]>According to information published by the European Union on March 13, 2024, the Greek frigate Hydra, actively participating in the EUNAVFOR ASPIDES mission, successfully neutralized an aerial threat posed by two Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs).
According to information published by the European Union on March 13, 2024, the Greek frigate Hydra, actively participating in the EUNAVFOR ASPIDES mission, successfully neutralized an aerial threat posed by two Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs).
Follow Navy Recognition on Google News at this link
Hellenic Navy's Hydra class frigate Hydra. (Picture source: Nikos Dendias)
EUNAVFOR ASPIDES, launched by the European Council on February 19, 2024, is a defensive maritime security operation aimed at safeguarding freedom of navigation in the Red Sea and the Gulf.
The operation was initiated in response to numerous attacks by Houthi militants on international commercial vessels since October 2023, particularly to support the Palestinian militant group Hamas in its conflict with Israel. The mission underscores the European Union's commitment to restoring maritime security and ensuring safe passage in a strategically vital maritime corridor.
The operation's mandate includes providing maritime situational awareness, accompanying vessels, and protecting them against possible multi-domain attacks at sea. It will operate along the main sea lines of communication, including the Baab al-Mandab Strait and the Strait of Hormuz, covering international waters in the Red Sea, the Gulf of Aden, the Arabian Sea, the Gulf of Oman, and the Gulf.
This comprehensive coverage aims to mitigate the threats posed by Houthi attacks, which have jeopardized the safety of civilians and the freedom of navigation, challenging the principles enshrined in the United Nations Convention of the Law of the Sea.
EUNAVFOR ASPIDES is led by Operation Commander Commodore Vasileios Gryparis, with Rear Admiral Stefano Costantino serving as the Force Commander. The operation headquarters is based in Larissa, Greece.
It will coordinate closely with EUNAVFOR ATALANTA, an ongoing EU mission aimed at enhancing maritime security in the West Indian Ocean and the Red Sea, to maximize the effectiveness of the EU's maritime security efforts in the region.
According to information published by the European Union on March 13, 2024, the Greek frigate Hydra, actively participating in the EUNAVFOR ASPIDES mission, successfully neutralized an aerial threat posed by two Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs).
]]>According to information published by the US DoD on March 11, 2024, the Department of the Navy (DON) has announced its budget request for FY25, amounting to $257.6 billion, which is an increase of $1.8 billion or 0.7% from the FY24 budget.
According to information published by the US DoD on March 11, 2024, the Department of the Navy (DON) has announced its budget request for FY25, amounting to $257.6 billion, which is an increase of $1.8 billion or 0.7% from the FY24 budget.
Follow Navy Recognition on Google News at this link
The Los Angeles class submarine USS Hampton at Ice Camp. (Picture source: US DoD)
The request includes funding for the acquisition of six battle force ships—comprising submarines, destroyers, frigates, and transport docks—to enhance the nation's sea control capabilities. Additionally, it proposes a $16.2 billion investment in aircraft procurement, including the purchase of 75 aircraft such as F-35 jets and CH-53K helicopters.
The budget also addresses personnel needs, proposing a 4.5% increase in basic pay and initiatives to improve quality of life for service members. This includes expanded housing and food options, as well as increased funding for childcare and professional development opportunities. Efforts to recruit and retain skilled personnel are highlighted through adjusted enlistment and re-enlistment bonuses.
Research and development receive significant attention, with funds allocated towards the advancement of technology in shipbuilding, aviation, and weaponry. The request supports ongoing investments in the submarine and shipbuilding industrial bases and emphasizes the modernization of the Marine Corps through the development of new vehicles, defense systems, and radar technologies.
Infrastructure improvements are also a key aspect of the budget, with 20 military construction projects planned to support operational readiness and the modernization of naval shipyards and facilities. The budget aims to ensure the readiness and maintenance of ships and aircraft, allocating funds for spare parts, training, and deployment costs.
According to information published by the US DoD on March 11, 2024, the Department of the Navy (DON) has announced its budget request for FY25, amounting to $257.6 billion, which is an increase of $1.8 billion or 0.7% from the FY24 budget.
]]>According to information published by Saildrone on March 7, 2024, the firm has has unveiled a new class of its Surveyor unmanned surface vehicles (USVs), designed for autonomous deep-water ocean mapping and maritime defense and security tasks.
According to information published by Saildrone on March 7, 2024, the firm has has unveiled a new class of its Surveyor unmanned surface vehicles (USVs), designed for autonomous deep-water ocean mapping and maritime defense and security tasks.
Follow Navy Recognition on Google News at this link
Surveyor Unmanned Surface Vehicle. (Picture source: Saildrone)
The announcement came during an event at Austal USA in Mobile, Alabama, with Chief of Naval Operations (CNO) Adm. Lisa Franchetti inspecting the new vehicle. This initiative marks a preparatory phase for the USVs, which are slated for testing under a contract with the US Navy.
The Surveyor, with a length of 20 meters (65 feet) and a weight of 15 tons, is noted as the largest class of unmanned, autonomous vehicles currently in operation. It adheres to the American Bureau of Shipping (ABS) Light Warship code and is aimed at providing solutions for hydrographic surveys and maritime domain awareness (MDA) missions requiring extensive area coverage.
The Surveyor combines radar, cameras, an automatic identification system (AIS), and advanced machine learning to deliver situational awareness for issues like illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing, smuggling, and safety at sea missions.
Given that only 25% of the ocean's floor has been mapped due to a shortage of survey ships, the Surveyor class seeks to offer an economical and environmentally friendly approach to expanding oceanic knowledge. These USVs are equipped with the latest multibeam bathymetry echo sounders and metocean sensors for precise ocean mapping and ecosystem monitoring.
Since its initial launch in January 2021, the Saildrone Surveyor has shown its capability to conduct mapping missions that meet or surpass the accuracy of traditional survey ships, while also performing MDA missions. The vehicle is designed to automate repetitive and hazardous tasks, thereby allowing crewed vessels to focus on more critical operations.
The Surveyor class USVs are primarily wind-powered, with a 13-meter-tall wing sail, and include a high-efficiency diesel generator for prolonged missions. Saildrone led the development and design of the Surveyor, with its aluminum hull and keel manufactured by Austal USA and the composite wing and internal components produced at Saildrone’s Alameda, California headquarters.
According to information published by Saildrone on March 7, 2024, the firm has has unveiled a new class of its Surveyor unmanned surface vehicles (USVs), designed for autonomous deep-water ocean mapping and maritime defense and security tasks.
]]>According to a PR published by Voith on March March 12, 2024, the firm has been selected to provide the propulsion package for the Spanish Navy's new submarine rescue vessel, the BAM IS (Buque de Acción Marítima de Intervención Subacuática), a project overseen by Spain's National Armament Directorate (DGAM).
According to a PR published by Voith on March March 12, 2024, the firm has been selected to provide the propulsion package for the Spanish Navy's new submarine rescue vessel, the BAM IS (Buque de Acción Marítima de Intervención Subacuática), a project overseen by Spain's National Armament Directorate (DGAM).
Follow Navy Recognition on Google News at this link
Artist rendering of the future BAM-IS. (Picture source: Navantia)
The ship, which is expected to be operational by 2026, is designed to support various submarine-related operations including diving, rescue, search, and surveillance tasks, along with the protection of underwater cultural heritage.
The propulsion solution for the 90-meter vessel includes two electric Voith Schneider Propellers (eVSP) and three Voith Inline Thrusters (VIT), featuring integrated permanent magnet electric motors from ELIN Motors, a subsidiary of Voith Turbo.
The decision to employ this specific combination of eVSP and VIT was made after extensive computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations and model testing, focusing on the ship's performance under a range of conditions, including dynamic positioning and maneuverability in challenging sea environments.
The selected propulsion technologies were chosen for their ability to offer precise positioning and enhanced maneuverability compared to other drive concepts, a feature critical for the ship's intended operations.
The system is characterized by its quick response times, which are essential for maintaining the vessel's position in demanding sea conditions. Additionally, the eVSP is noted for its reduced noise emissions underwater, contributing to the ship's stealth and minimizing environmental impact. The propulsion system also includes an integrated roll stabilization feature, aimed at improving onboard comfort and working conditions.
Technical data about the BAM IS
The BAM IS has a displacement of 5,000 tons at full load. It has a length of 91 meters, a beam of 19 meters, and a draft of 5 meters. The vessel can reach a speed of 15 knots. It is operated by a crew of 48, with the ability to carry an additional 12 marines.
According to a PR published by Voith on March March 12, 2024, the firm has been selected to provide the propulsion package for the Spanish Navy's new submarine rescue vessel, the BAM IS (Buque de Acción Marítima de Intervención Subacuática), a project overseen by Spain's National Armament Directorate (DGAM).
]]>According to information published by the Chinese MoD on March 11, 2024, China, Iran, and Russia have initiated joint naval exercises in the Gulf of Oman, set to run from March 11 to 15.
According to information published by the Chinese MoD on March 11, 2024, China, Iran, and Russia have initiated joint naval exercises in the Gulf of Oman, set to run from March 11 to 15.
Follow Navy Recognition on Google News at this link
Chinese Type 052D destroyer Ürümqi. (Picture source: Chinanews)
The inaugural session of these exercises took place over four days starting December 27, 2019, in the northern Indian Ocean, featuring a diverse array of naval assets from the participating countries. The lineup included frigates, corvettes, a hovercraft, auxiliary ships, and more.
Despite the ambitious start, the 2021 iteration saw a notable change when China's participation was initially expected but did not materialize, with the exercises proceeding with Russia and Iran. This edition was marked by confusion over the involvement of additional nations.
The exercises have evolved in scope and complexity, with the 2022 version encompassing extensive tactical drills over a significantly large area in the northern Indian Ocean. This included advanced maneuvers such as extinguishing fires on burning vessels, liberating hijacked ships, and nocturnal air target shooting.
2024
The ongoing "Security Bond-2024" naval exercises include the participation of advanced vessels such as the guided-missile destroyer Urumqi and frigate Linyi, contributed by China's People's Liberation Army Navy.
According to information published by the Chinese MoD on March 11, 2024, China, Iran, and Russia have initiated joint naval exercises in the Gulf of Oman, set to run from March 11 to 15.
]]>According to information published by Ukrainska Pravda on March 12, 2024, the Ukrainian Air Forces successfully targeted and destroyed the Russian-flagged tanker Mechanic Pogodin on the Kinburn Spit, which had been repurposed by the Russians as a command post.
According to information published by Ukrainska Pravda on March 12, 2024, the Ukrainian Air Forces successfully targeted and destroyed the Russian-flagged tanker Mechanic Pogodin on the Kinburn Spit, which had been repurposed by the Russians as a command post.
Follow Navy Recognition on Google News at this link
Russian civilian ship Mechanic Pogodin. (Picture source: Tass)
Following a ruling by the Kherson District Administrative Court in August 2018, the "Mechanic Pogodin" tanker was arrested and remained within the Kherson Sea Port territory until the summer of 2023. Subsequently, the breaching of the Kakhovka HPP dam led to the tanker being washed ashore on the Kinburn Spit, an area temporarily under Russian control.
The Russian forces subsequently set up a surveillance post on the vessel for reconnaissance purposes, as well as electronic warfare (EW) equipment. They have periodically used the ship as a platform for launching FPV drone strikes on the territory of the Kherson region.
About the tanker
The tanker Mechanic Pogodin has a deadweight of 5541 tons, and its overall length is 141 meters, with a beam of 16.9 meters. The side height of the vessel measures 6.1 meters, and it has a draft of 3.6 meters.
The tanker can achieve a speed of 10 knots and has a cargo capacity of 4960 tons. It is equipped with 12 tanks. The main engine model is W6L20, with a power output of 1860. The crew complement for the Mechanic Pogodin is 12 members.
According to information published by Ukrainska Pravda on March 12, 2024, the Ukrainian Air Forces successfully targeted and destroyed the Russian-flagged tanker Mechanic Pogodin on the Kinburn Spit, which had been repurposed by the Russians as a command post.
]]>According to information published by Izvestia on March 11, 2024, the Russian Naval Forces are on the verge of incorporating a maritime version of the kamikaze drone, with the development phase nearing its conclusion.
According to information published by Izvestia on March 11, 2024, the Russian Naval Forces are on the verge of incorporating a maritime version of the kamikaze drone, with the development phase nearing its conclusion.
Follow Navy Recognition on Google News at this link
Artist rendering of a Russian maritime kamikaze drone. (Picture source: Created by AI)
This new drone, poised for induction into naval service, will be operable from ships and boats, broadening the scope of naval tactical operations. Designed to target both maritime and terrestrial objectives, the drone is anticipated to contribute to amphibious assaults and countermeasures against enemy vessels, including unmanned ones, according to experts.
Defense Ministry sources reveal that the creation of this shipborne kamikaze drone is in its final stages. The drone's deployment directly from a ship's deck is a key feature, integrating it into naval combat scenarios. It aims to counter light crafts and motorboats utilized by adversaries, alongside unmanned enemy boats, thereby supporting marine infantry operations along coastlines.
Kamikaze drones have become prominent for their effectiveness in destroying enemy fortifications and armored units. Recent conflicts have showcased their efficiency, where drones have disabled significantly more costly armored vehicles. These drones play a critical role in precise attacks on enemy fortifications, artillery placements, ammunition depots, command and communication centers.
Launching drones from naval vessels introduces specific challenges, particularly in navigation over open waters and executing launches on the move. However, advancements by other nations suggest these challenges are surmountable.
The capability to deploy drones from the sea extends the operational reach of naval forces, enabling attacks on targets far from the coastline without the need to approach closely.
According to information published by Izvestia on March 11, 2024, the Russian Naval Forces are on the verge of incorporating a maritime version of the kamikaze drone, with the development phase nearing its conclusion.
]]>According to information published by the French MoD on March 9, 2024, a multi-mission frigate patrolling the Gulf of Aden as part of the European operation ASPIDES detected and destroyed four combat drones. These drones, approaching in a tactical formation and identified as coming from Yemen, were neutralized by the frigate and French fighter jets in an act of self-defense.
According to information published by the French MoD on March 9, 2024, a multi-mission frigate patrolling the Gulf of Aden as part of the European operation ASPIDES detected and destroyed four combat drones. These drones, approaching in a tactical formation and identified as coming from Yemen, were neutralized by the frigate and French fighter jets in an act of self-defense.
Follow Navy Recognition on Google News at this link
Firing the 76 mm OTO Melara gun from the FREMM frigate. (Picture source: French MoD)
The incident ensured the safety of the cargo ship TRUE CONFIDENCE, flying under the Barbados flag, which had been attacked on March 6 and was being towed, as well as other merchant ships in the area.
This operation is part of efforts to maintain security along the maritime passage stretching from the Suez Canal to the Strait of Hormuz, under the EU-led mission EUVNAVFOR ASPIDES launched on February 19.
About the OTO Melara 76 mm
It has an empty weight of 7.5 tonnes (17,000 lb) and a barrel that is 62 calibers long, or 4,724.4 mm (186.00 in). Designed for remote control, the system does not require a crew for manual operations, which can contribute to operational efficiency and safety.
This artillery piece utilizes 76×636mmR shells, with the cartridges weighing 12.5 kilograms (28 lb) and the shells themselves at 6.3 kilograms (14 lb). The propellant for each round weighs 2.35 kilograms (5.2 lb), and the system's caliber is set at 76.2 mm (3.00 in). It can adjust its elevation from −15° to +85°, allowing for engagement with targets across a broad spectrum of angles.
The system's traverse is capable of a full 360° rotation, with a speed of 60°/s and an acceleration rate of 72°/s². Its elevation speed is 35°/s, with the same acceleration, facilitating rapid target engagement.
Depending on the model, the OTO Melara 76 mm's rate of fire can be 85 rounds per minute for the Compact version or up to 120 rounds per minute for the Super Rapid variant.
The muzzle velocity of the rounds is 915 m/s (3,000 ft/s), supporting engagement with targets at considerable distances. The effective range varies by ammunition type: HE-PFF rounds can reach 16,000 m, SAPOMER rounds up to 20,000 m, and VULCANO rounds can extend to 40,000 m.
The system is equipped with a magazine capable of holding 80 ready rounds for the Compact gun mount, aiming to ensure a consistent rate of fire during operations.
According to information published by the French MoD on March 9, 2024, a multi-mission frigate patrolling the Gulf of Aden as part of the European operation ASPIDES detected and destroyed four combat drones. These drones, approaching in a tactical formation and identified as coming from Yemen, were neutralized by the frigate and French fighter jets in an act of self-defense.
]]>According to information published by the Ukrainian government on March 9, 2024, during his official visit to Turkey, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy inspected the construction of two corvettes for the Ukrainian Navy at a shipyard in Istanbul.
According to information published by the Ukrainian government on March 9, 2024, during his official visit to Turkey, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy inspected the construction of two corvettes for the Ukrainian Navy at a shipyard in Istanbul.
Follow Navy Recognition on Google News at this link
2nd Ada class corvette Hetman Ivan Vyhovsky. (Picture source: Ukrainian presidency)
Zelenskyy shared updates via Facebook, stating his visit to the shipyard where the corvettes for the Ukrainian Naval Forces are being built. He reviewed the progress and equipment of the corvette "Ivan Mazepa" and engaged with Ukrainian Naval personnel, expressing gratitude for their service. Furthermore, Zelenskyy was briefed on the construction progress of a second Ada-class corvette, which he named after Hetman Ivan Vyhovsky.
This inspection is part of Ukraine's ongoing efforts to enhance its naval capabilities, with Turkey playing a pivotal role in building these corvettes. Previously, in August 2023, it was reported that Turkey would construct a second Ada-class corvette for the Ukrainian Naval Forces, which had its keel laid at a shipbuilding enterprise in Istanbul.
Zelenskyy had decreed to name this corvette after Hetman Ivan Vyhovsky, following his earlier decision in August 2022 to name the first Ada-class corvette being built for Ukraine by Turkey as "Hetman Ivan Mazepa."
Technical data
The Ukrainian Ada-class corvettes have a displacement of 2,300 long tons and measure 99.56 meters in length. With a beam of 14.40 meters and a draft of 3.89 meters, they are designed to balance stability and maneuverability in a variety of sea conditions.
Powered by a CODAG system that includes one gas turbine and two diesels, these corvettes can reach an economy speed of 15 knots and a maximum speed of 29 knots, with a range of 3,500 nautical miles at the economy speed. They can operate for 21 days with logistic support and 10 days autonomously.
The corvettes accommodate 93 personnel, including aviation officers, with space for up to 106. Their technical equipment encompasses the GENESIS Combat Management System, SMART-S Mk2 search radar, sonar, GPS, LAN, ECDIS, UniMACS 3000 IPMS, and various electronic warfare and decoy systems including Aselsan ARES-2N.
Armaments include a 76 mm OTO Melara Super Rapid gun, a 35 mm Aselsan GOKDENIZ anti-aircraft gun, two 12.7 mm Aselsan STAMP machine guns, Harpoon anti-surface missiles, VL MICA-M anti-aircraft missiles, and 324 mm MU90 torpedoes.
According to information published by the Ukrainian government on March 9, 2024, during his official visit to Turkey, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy inspected the construction of two corvettes for the Ukrainian Navy at a shipyard in Istanbul.
]]>According to a PR published by Navantia on March 7, 2024, the Spanish shipbuilder has handed over the fifth and final corvette, HMS UNAYZAH, to the Royal Saudi Naval Forces (RSNF) during a ceremony at the King Faisal Naval Base in Jeddah.
According to a PR published by Navantia on March 7, 2024, the Spanish shipbuilder has handed over the fifth and final corvette, HMS UNAYZAH, to the Royal Saudi Naval Forces (RSNF) during a ceremony at the King Faisal Naval Base in Jeddah.
Follow Navy Recognition on Google News at this link
Saudi Al Jubail class corvette Hunayzah. (Picture source: Navantia)
The event, overseen by General Fayyad bin Hamed al Ruwaili and Admiral Fahad Bin Abdullah Al-Ghofaily, marks the completion of the Al-Sarawat project, aimed at enhancing the naval capabilities of Saudi Arabia in line with the country's Vision 2030.
HMS UNAYZAH, constructed at Navantia’s shipyard in the Bay of Cádiz, is part of an effort to improve the RSNF's efficiency in multi-combat missions and to safeguard Saudi Arabia's strategic interests.
Vice Admiral Fahad Bin Abdullah Al-Ghofaily, in his remarks, emphasized the corvette's contribution to the Kingdom's defense readiness and the project's role in advancing the localization of defense capabilities—a key goal of Saudi Arabia's defense spending strategy.
The delivery ceremony highlighted the partnership between Navantia and the Saudi Arabian Military Industry (SAMI), demonstrating the technology transfer and localization of production capabilities achieved through the SAMINavantia joint venture. This collaboration aligns with Saudi Arabia's efforts to enhance its defense industry and job creation.
HMS UNAYZAH, based on the AVANTE 2200 design, is 104 meters long and accommodates 102 personnel. Its construction and delivery conclude a project that saw the launch of five units within three years, signifying a significant phase in the partnership between Navantia and the RSNF. The contract also encompasses life cycle support and training services, ensuring the corvettes' operational effectiveness.
The commissioning event was attended by senior officials from both Spain and Saudi Arabia, including representatives from the defense sector and the joint venture partners, underscoring the collaborative efforts behind the project's realization.
Technical data
The HMS Unayzah has a displacement of 2,419 tons and measures 99 meters (324 feet 10 inches) in length and 13.6 meters (44 feet 7 inches) in beam, with a draught of 3.8 meters (12 feet 6 inches).
It is powered by a Combined Diesel And Diesel (CODAD) propulsion system that includes four MTU 12V-1163-TB93 engines, each producing 4,440 kW (5,950 hp), and operates two shafts fitted with Wärtsilä 5C11 CP propellers. This setup enables the corvette to achieve a top speed of 24 knots (44 km/h; 28 mph), with cruising and economy speeds of 22 and 18 knots, respectively.
The HMS Unayzah has an operational range of 3,500 nautical miles (6,500 km; 4,000 mi) at a speed of 18 knots (33 km/h; 21 mph). The ship's crew includes 60 members, with additional space for 32 personnel.
For surveillance and combat operations, the HMS Unayzah is equipped with several sensors and processing systems, including the Thales SMART-S Mk-2 multifunction radar, Mirador Electro-Optical Tracking System (EOTS), Vigile 100 Electronic Support Measures (ESM), Scout Mk2 Low Probability of Intercept (LPI) radar, Sting 1.2, and the TACTICOS Combat Management System (CMS).
According to a PR published by Navantia on March 7, 2024, the Spanish shipbuilder has handed over the fifth and final corvette, HMS UNAYZAH, to the Royal Saudi Naval Forces (RSNF) during a ceremony at the King Faisal Naval Base in Jeddah.
]]>According to information published by the Turkish MoD on March 9, 2024, the Turkish minehunter TCG Anamur, assigned to the Standing NATO Mine Countermeasures Group 2, conducted joint training exercises with the Greek naval unit HS EVROPI in the Aegean Sea.
According to information published by the Turkish MoD on March 9, 2024, the Turkish minehunter TCG ANAMUR, assigned to the Standing NATO Mine Countermeasures Group 2, conducted joint training exercises with the Greek naval unit HS EVROPI in the Aegean Sea.
Follow Navy Recognition on Google News at this link
Aydin class minehunter TCG Anamur and mine countermeasure vessel HS Europa. (Picture source: Turkish MoD)
Amidst their intricate history marked by occasional disputes, Turkey and Greece, both members of NATO, have actively participated in mine warfare exercises. In October 2021, Turkey led the Nusret 2021 mine warfare exercise in the Gulf of Saros, in the northern Aegean Sea.
This exercise was notable for its broad participation, including the NATO Mine Countermeasures Group-2, the NATO Center for Maritime Research and Experimentation, and the NATO Mine Warfare Center of Excellence. Countries such as Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Belgium, Bulgaria, Germany, Iraq, Libya, Oman, Pakistan, Republic of Korea, Romania, and Tanzania took part.
The focus of Nusret 2021 was on mine warfare planning and execution, aiming to enhance interoperability among NATO allies and partners. The exercise was designed in three stages: force integration, mine laying and countermeasures activities, and post-exercise evaluations and port visits.
Concurrently, diplomatic relations between Greece and Turkey have shown signs of warming, with efforts made towards resolving longstanding disputes. In December 2023, Greece and Turkey agreed to reset their relationship, focusing on good neighbourly relations, military confidence-building measures, and boosting trade volumes.
Turkish President Tayyip Erdogan's visit to Greece highlighted a mutual desire to turn the Aegean into a "sea of peace" and serve as a model for international relations. This thaw in relations followed years of disputes over territorial waters, energy resources, and military presence in the Aegean Sea.
Turkey's collaboration extends beyond its immediate neighbor, Greece, into broader regional security initiatives. Bulgaria, Romania, and Turkey have established a mine countermeasures task force in the Black Sea to address threats from sea mines and enhance navigation safety.
According to information published by the Turkish MoD on March 9, 2024, the Turkish minehunter TCG Anamur, assigned to the Standing NATO Mine Countermeasures Group 2, conducted joint training exercises with the Greek naval unit HS EVROPI in the Aegean Sea.
]]>According to information published by the UK MoD on March 11, 2024, the Defense Science and Technology Laboratory (dstl) has declassified a video of a successful test of the DragonFire Laser Directed Energy Weapon (LDEW) system.
According to information published by the UK MoD on March 11, 2024, the Defense Science and Technology Laboratory (dstl) has declassified a video of a successful test of the DragonFire Laser Directed Energy Weapon (LDEW) system.
Follow Navy Recognition on Google News at this link
DragonFire Laser Directed Energy Weapon system. (Picture source: UK MoD)
Led by the Defence Science and Technology Laboratory (Dstl) in partnership with MBDA, Leonardo, and QinetiQ, the DragonFire project represents a significant step forward in utilizing UK technology for military applications.
DragonFire’s operational cost-effectiveness is notable, with the cost of firing the laser estimated to be significantly lower than traditional ammunition. This efficiency presents an opportunity for the UK Armed Forces to reduce reliance on expensive ammunition while minimizing the risk of collateral damage.
The recent trials have validated DragonFire's potential in engaging aerial targets effectively, indicating the technology's readiness for further consideration by the Army and Royal Navy for future Air Defence capabilities.
Following a series of successful trials and extensive research, the Ministry of Defence has committed to a substantial investment in transitioning this technology from research to practical application.
Context
Naval forces around the world are significantly advancing their capabilities with the integration of laser weapons, marking a new era in maritime warfare. The U.S. Navy, in particular, has made notable strides with the deployment of High Energy Laser with Integrated Optical-dazzler and Surveillance (HELIOS) and Optical Dazzling Interdictor, Navy (ODIN) systems.
These laser weapons offer a cost-effective solution for countering threats such as drones, small boats, and surveillance equipment, with HELIOS providing a high-power option for more intensive defensive and offensive operations. The HELIOS system, developed by Lockheed Martin, has been integrated into Arleigh Burke-class destroyers.
Germany has also been active in the development and testing of laser weapon systems for naval applications. A collaboration between MBDA Deutschland GmbH and Rheinmetall Waffen Munition GmbH successfully completed a series of tests with a laser weapon demonstrator aboard the frigate 124 “SACHSEN”.
This testing phase aimed to evaluate the performance, potential applications, and development trajectory of high-energy laser effectors for defending against drones, drone swarms, attacking speedboats, and potentially even supersonic guided missiles in the future.
Screenshot of DragonFire laser-directed energy weapon system tests. (Picture source: UK MoD)
According to information published by the UK MoD on March 11, 2024, the Defense Science and Technology Laboratory (dstl) has declassified a video of a successful test of the DragonFire Laser Directed Energy Weapon (LDEW) system.
]]>According to information published by the Belgian MoD on March 7, 2024, the Belgian Karel Doorman class frigate Louise-Marie left Zeebrugge for a mission in the Red Sea and the Strait of Hormuz.
According to information published by the Belgian MoD on March 7, 2024, the Belgian Karel Doorman class frigate Louise-Marie left Zeebrugge for a mission in the Red Sea and the Strait of Hormuz.
Follow Navy Recognition on Google News at this link
Karel Doorman class frigate Louise Marie firing Harpoon anti ship missile. (Picture source: Belgian MoD)
The Louise-Marie is equipped to engage in a variety of missions, including anti-piracy efforts, merchant ship protection, and participation in naval flotillas under challenging conditions. Its deployment is divided between two operations: AGENOR and ASPIDES, reflecting Belgium's involvement in international maritime security.
Operation AGENOR is the military aspect of EMASOH (European-led Maritime Awareness in the Strait of Hormuz), initiated in 2020 following increased instability in the Gulf of Oman and the Strait of Hormuz during 2019. It now includes participation from nine European countries: Belgium, France, Germany, Denmark, Greece, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, and Portugal.
Operation ASPIDES, meanwhile, is a defensive naval deployment under the EU, aimed at ensuring freedom of navigation in the Red Sea and securing the Gulf region, the Red Sea, and the Horn of Africa, in addition to protecting international maritime commerce.
Technical data
The frigate Louise-Marie has a displacement of 2,800 tonnes and measures 122.325 meters in length. Its beam is 14.37 meters wide, and it has a draught of 6.2 meters, allowing it to reach speeds of up to 30 knots. The vessel is staffed by a complement of 15 officers, 70 non-commissioned officers (NCOs), and 60 sailors.
The Louise-Marie is equipped with 16 RIM-7 Sea Sparrow anti-air missiles housed in vertical launching systems, 8 Boeing Harpoon anti-ship missiles, between 2 and 6 FN MAG 7.62 mm machine guns, and 2 to 4 Browning M2 12.7 mm machine guns. It also has 2 twin-Mark 46 torpedo tubes, an OTO Melara 76 mm gun, and a Goalkeeper Close-In Weapon System (CIWS).
According to information published by the Belgian MoD on March 7, 2024, the Belgian Karel Doorman class frigate Louise-Marie left Zeebrugge for a mission in the Red Sea and the Strait of Hormuz.
]]>